Human Scalp Hair (HSH) Waste as an Alternative for Reducing Invasive Activity of Wild Hog: A Preliminary Study

Authors

  • Nur Suraya Kamsano Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Johan Sohaili Institute of Environmental and Water Resource Management, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
  • Shantha Kumari Muniyandi Department of Quantity Surveying, Faculty of Built Environment, Tunku Abdul Rahman Universiti College, Jalan Genting Kelang, 53300 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Nur Sumaiyyah Supian Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11113/jest.v1n2-2.28

Keywords:

Hair waste, pest controller, waste management, value proposition, temporary repellent

Abstract

The weaknesses in the human hair waste management system has brought many environmental problems that are rarely taken into account. In most of rural areas, this waste is still being used by farmers to protect their plantation from wild hog attacks. However, this traditional practice is seem unpopular and has little exposure. Study in the past related to this waste in Malaysia is still far behind compared to other countries. Moreover, the past practices of this waste as repellent did not highlight the prior procedure and their effectiveness as pest controller to control invasive activity of wild hog. This study aims to briefly discuss on the conflict of human and wild hog, past mitigation practices, potential usage of hair waste as temporary repellent and to share the result of 5 days pilot study through field trial conducted in small orchard in Muar. In this study, fermented corn bait has been applied at the study area to increase the activities and probability of visitation of wild hog. Four (4) samples were placed in the private orchard namely (A) 5kg whole kernel corn; (B) 5kg whole kernel corn mixed with 20g of hair; (C) 5kg whole kernel corn mixed with 40g hair; and (D) 5kg whole kernel corn mixed with 60g hair. The result during feeding test is observed and analysed. Through this pilot study, it indicates the potential of hair waste application as a temporary wild hog repellent.

References

Geisser, H. 1998. The wild boar (Sus scrofa) in the Thurgau (northeastern Switzerland): Population Status,Damages And The Influence Of Supplementary Feeding On Damage Frequency. Gibier Fane Sauvage-Game and Wildlife. 15: 547–554.

Brauer, A., Lange, E. and Kaden, V. 2006. Oral Immunisation Of Wild Boar Against Classical Swine Fever : Uptake Studies Of New Baits And Investigations On The Stability Of Lyophilised C-Strain Vaccine. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 52(4): 271–276.

Herrero, J., Garcı´a-Serrano, A., Couto, S., Ortun˜o, V. M., and Garcı´a-Gonza´ lez, R.. 2006. Diet of Wild Boar Sus Scrofa L. And Crop Damage In An Intensive Agroecosystem. European Journal of Wildlife Research. 52:245–250.

Bratton, S. P. 1977. Wild Hogs In The United States-Origin And Nomenclature. Research And Management Of Wild Hog Populations. The Belle W. Baruch Forest Science Institute of Clemson University, Georgetown. 1–4.

Barrios-Garcia, M. N. and Ballari, S. A. 2012. Impact of wild boar (Sus scrofa) in its introduced and native range: A review. Biological Invasions. 14(11): 2283–2300.

Schupp, E. W. 1993. Quantity, Quality, And The Effectiveness Of Seed Dispersal By Animals. Vegetatio. 107/108: 15-29.

Welander, J. 1995. Are Wild Boars A Future Threat To The Swedish Flora?. Ibex. Journal of Mountain Ecology. 4: 165–167.

Habib, A., Nazir, I., Fazili, M. F., and Bhat, B. A. 2015. Human-Wildlife Conflict-Causes, Consequences And Mitigation Measures With Special Reference to Kashmir. The Journal of Zoology Studies. 2(1): 26-30.

Massei, G., and Genov, P. V. 2004. The Environmental Impact Of Wild Boar. Galemys. 16: 135-145.

Diong, C.H. 1973. Studies of the Malayan Wild Pig in Perak and Johor. Malay. Nat. Journal. 26: 120-151.

McLeod, R. and Norris, A. 2003. Counting the Cost: Impact of Invasive Animals in Australia 2004. Canberra, Australia, Cooperative Research Centre for Pest Animal Control. 1-82.

Lowe, S., Browne, M., Boudjelas, S. and De Poorter, M. 2000. 100 of the World ’ S Worst Invasive Alien Species: A Selection from the Global Invasive Species Database. Auckland, New Zealand, The Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG), 1-11.

Lamarque, F., Anderson, J., Fergusson, R., Lagrange, M., Osei-Owusu, Y. and Bakker, L. 2009. Human-Wildlife Conflict In Africa: Causes, Consequences And Management Strategies. FAO Forestry Paper. Rome, Italy, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

Genov, P. 1981. Significance of Natural Biocenoses And Agrocenoses As The Source Of Food For Wild Boar (Sus scrofa L.). Ekologia Polska. 29(1): 117-136.

Schupp, E. W. 1993. Quantity, Quality And The Effectiveness Of Seed Dispersal By Animals. Vegetatio. 107/108: 15–29.

Schlageter, A., and Haag-Wackernagel, D. 2012. A Gustatory Repellent For Protection Of Agricultural Land From Wild Boar Damage: An Investigation On Effectiveness. Journal of Agricultural Science. 4(5): 61-68.

Schlageter, A. 2015. Preventing Wild Boar" Sus Scrofa" Damage-Considerations For Wild Boar Management In Highly Fragmented Agroecosystems. Doctoral dissertation. University of Basel.

Murty, M. L. K. 2001. Cultural Ecology of the Eastern Ghats (South India) from Pre-historic Times to the Ethnographic Present. Peoples and Environment in India. New Delhi. Discovery Publishing House. 51-78.

Kittawornrat, A., and Zimmerman, J. J. 2011. Toward a Better Understanding Of Pig Behavior And Pig Welfare. Animal Health Research Reviews. 12(01): 25-32.

Geisser, H., and Reyer, H. U. 2004. Efficacy of Hunting, Feeding, And Fencing To Reduce Crop Damage By Wild Boars. Journal of Wildlife Management. 68(4): 939-946.

Cellina, S. 2008. Effects of Supplemental Feeding On The Body Condition And Reproductive State Of Wild Boar Sus scrofa in Luxembourg. Dissertation, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.

Stephens, O. L., Mengak, M. T., Osborn, D., and Miller, K. V. 2005. Using Milorganite® to Temporarily Repel White-Tailed Deer From Food Plots. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Wildlife Management Publication Series. WMS-05-02. 1-7

Scott, J. D., and Townsend, T. W. 1985. Methods Used By Selected Ohio Growers To Control Damage By Deer. Wildlife Society Bulletin (1973-2006). 13(3): 234-240.

Gupta, A. 2014. Human Hair “Waste†and Its Utilization: Gaps and Possibilities. Journal of Waste Management. 2014: 1-17.

Deka, M. K., Bhuyan, M., and Hazarika, L. K. 2006. Traditional Pest Management Practices Of Assam. Indian Journal of Tradisional Knowledge. 5(1): 75-78.

Rao, V. V., Naresh, B., Reddy, V. R., Sudhakar, C., Venkateswarlu, P., and Rao, D. R. 2015. Traditional Management Methods Used To Minimize Wild Boar (Sus Scrofa) Damage In Different Agricultural Crops at Telangana state, India. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development. 2(2): 3

Downloads

Published

2019-02-10

How to Cite

Kamsano, N. S., Sohaili, J., Muniyandi, S. K., & Supian, N. S. (2019). Human Scalp Hair (HSH) Waste as an Alternative for Reducing Invasive Activity of Wild Hog: A Preliminary Study. Journal of Energy and Safety Technology (JEST), 1(2-2). https://doi.org/10.11113/jest.v1n2-2.28

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 2-2: Emerging Energy and Process Technology

Section

Articles

License

Copyright of articles that appear in Journal of Energy and Safety Technology belongs exclusively to Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (Penerbit UTM Press). This copyright covers the rights to reproduce the article, including reprints, electronic reproductions or any other reproductions of similar nature.